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Motivation and Personality (book)
''Motivation and Personality'' is a book on psychology by Dr. Abraham Maslow, first published in 1954. Maslow's work deals with the subject of the nature of human fulfillment and the significance of personal relationships, implementing a conceptualization of self-actualization.〔Knapp, Robert R. "Relationship of a measure of self-actualization to neuroticism and extraversion." ''Journal of Consulting Psychology'' 29, no. 2 (1965): 168.〕 Underachievers have a need for social love and affection, but a self-actualized person has these "lower" needs gratified and is able to pursue his or her own path towards self-actualization.〔Leib, Jere W., and William U. Snyder. "EFFECTS OF GROUP DISCUSSIONS ON UNDERACHIEVEMENT AND SELF-ACTUALIZATION." ''Journal of Counseling Psychology'' 14, no. 3 (1967): 282.〕
Maslow's book is perhaps the best known contemporary work on human needs. Maslow postulated a hierarchical pyramid of human needs stretching from basic physical needs at the bottom to spiritual or transcendental needs at the top.〔Jackson, Tim, and Nic Marks. "Consumption, sustainable welfare and human needs—with reference to UK expenditure patterns between 1954 and 1994." ''Ecological Economics'' 28, no. 3 (1999): 421-441.〕
In ''Motivation and Personality'', Maslow argues that in order for individuals to thrive and excel, a health-fostering culture must be created.〔Froh, Jeffrey J. "The history of positive psychology: Truth be told." ''NYS Psychologist'' 16, no. 3 (2004): 18-20.〕 Maslow is among the psychological theorists that believe that when parents fail to provide a safe, nurturing environment, their children will develop deep feelings of insecurity.〔Kasser, Tim, and Kennon M. Sheldon. "Of wealth and death: Materialism, mortality salience, and consumption behavior." ''Psychological science'' 11, no. 4 (2000): 348-351.〕 Maslow considers human beings to be energized by an actualizing tendency and believe that well-being occurs to the extent people can freely express their inherent potentials.〔Kasser, Tim, and Richard M. Ryan. "A dark side of the American dream: correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration." ''Journal of Personality and Social Psychology'' 65, no. 2 (1993): 410.〕
==See also==
*Maslow's hierarchy of needs
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